The Understanding Of An Individual Culture Background

We know that culture intelligence is related to cross-culture competence. The understanding of an individual culture background. My key objective is that people fail to adjust to understand new cultures, behavioral, cognitive, and motivational aspect of other cultures. Before anyone goes to a foreign country for a new job, living or visiting, we should educate ourselves before taking that journey. We know going to another country can be scary, but we can learn new things from them and they can learn new things from our country and culture. You have to know how to motivate a multicultural group with different languages, and who have different culture context. Know their sensitivity and habits. We all have different thinking patterns. All†¦show more content†¦Feelings are related to beliefs, to our notion of what is the right way to behave. We should take notice of our ability to cope with one’s own and other people’s emotional reactions when awkwardness and cultural misunderstandings occur. The cognitive component is the rational component. It is based on reason and the capacity to develop mental structures which enable us to understand each other’s mindset, or to think about what is going on and to make judgments based on conceptual frameworks and language. There is understanding of oneself as a cultural being as well as understanding people with a different cultural background (Ackerman’s (1996) This component is about what happens during an encounter, sometimes we decide to based us on judgments about the situation coming from the emotional and rational data we have collected from other people. We should show different actions and communication during the cultural encounter, what participant would actually do this in encounter we need to communicate more like, interpersonal communication, for example, listening, questioning, summarizing, agreeing or disagreeing etc. as well as skills which we have learned to manage relationships in general involving body language, etiquette, rituals, rules and techniques. The developmental continuum of cultural sensitivity The Intercultural Development Continuum is a set of knowledge/attitude/skill sets or orientations toward

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Negotiation Jujitsu Free Essays

What if They Won’t Play (Use Negotiation Jujitsu) Getting to YesNegotiating Agreement Without Giving In By Roger Fisher and William Ury Vikas Singh Ed Hill What if They Won’t Play †¢ Theymaystatetheirpositioninunequivocal terms †¢ Concernedonlywithmaximizingtheirowngains †¢ Theymayattackyouinplaceofattackingthe problems Three Basic Strategies †¢ What you can do †¢ What they can do – Negotiation Jujitsu †¢ What a third party can do – One Text Mediation Procedure Negotiation Jujitsu Three Basic Maneuvers Asserting their position forcefully †¢ Attacking your ideas †¢ Attacking you Don’t attack their position, look behind it †¢ Neither reject nor accept the position †¢ Treat it as one possible option †¢ Look for interest and principles behind it †¢ Think of ways to improve it Don’t defend your ideas, invite criticism and advice †¢ Invite criticism, instead of resisting it †¢ As k them what is wrong with a particular idea or an option †¢ Use their criticism and advice to find out their underlying interests and principles †¢ Rework your ideas in light of what you learn Recast an attack on you as an attack on the problem †¢ Resist the temptation to defend yourself or attack them †¢ Listen to them †¢ Understand what they are saying †¢ Recast their attack on you as an attack on the problem Ask questions and pause †¢ Use questions instead of statements †¢ Silence One-text procedure Call in a third party to: †¢ Separate the people from the problem †¢ Direct the discussion to interests and options †¢ Suggest impartial basis for resolving differences †¢ Separate invention from decision making How does a third party do this Asksabouttheinterestsratherthanpositions †¢ Learnallabouttheirneedsandinterests †¢ Suggest a provisional solution/recommendation †¢ Askthemtocritiqueitorsuggestimprovements †¢ Improvisetherecommendationinlightofinputs †¢ Presentthefinalsolution Getting them to play: The case of Jones Realty and Frank Turnbull †¢$600 rent per month †¢Apartment under rent control †¢Max rent at $466 per month †¢Mrs. Jones reimburses after several long principled negotiation sessions Stock Phrases †¢ â€Å"Please correct me if I’m wrong. † †¢ â€Å"We appreciate what you’ve done for us. We will write a custom essay sample on Negotiation Jujitsu or any similar topic only for you Order Now †¢ â€Å"Our concern is fairness† †¢ â€Å"We would like to settle this on the basis of Independent standards, not of who can do what to whom† †¢ â€Å"Trust is a separate issue† Stock Phrases (cont. ) †¢ â€Å"CouldIaskyouafewquestionstoseewhether my facts are right? † †¢ â€Å"What’stheprinciplebehindyouraction? † †¢ â€Å"LetmeseeifIunderstandwhatyou’resaying† †¢ â€Å"Letmegetbacktoyou† †¢ â€Å"Let me show you where I have trouble following some of your reasoning Stock Phrases (cont. ) †¢ â€Å"One fair solution might be. † †¢ â€Å"If we agree.. If we disagree. † â€Å"We’d be happy to see if we can leave when it’s most convenient for you† †¢ â€Å"It’s been a pleasure dealing with you† â€Å"Please correct me If I’m wrong† †¢ Establish dialogue based on reason †¢ Invitation to participat e †¢ Good probability you won’t â€Å"lose face† †¢ Opening to correction and persuasion sets the tone â€Å"We appreciate what you’ve done for us† †¢ Through support, separate people from problem †¢ Defuses self-image threat †¢ Other side now has something to lose: – Praise and support â€Å"Our concern is fairness† †¢ Take basic stand on principle †¢ Remain open Both ends and means to accomplish ends are principled â€Å"We would like to settle this on the basis of independent standards, no of who can do what to whom† †¢ Don’t lose temper- and thus, control †¢ Bring negotiation back to merits †¢ Good example of negotiation jujitsu †¢ Reinforces principled negotiation â€Å"Trust is a separate Issue† †¢ Slip out of corner †¢ Remain firm on the principle â€Å"Could I ask you a few questions to see whether my facts are right? † †¢ Statements of fact can be threatening, questions are better †¢ Phrasing info as questions allows open participation Lays foundation for agreed upon facts â€Å"What’s the principle behind your action? † †¢ A principled negotiator neither accepts nor rejects other side’s opinion †¢ Leads other side to search for reasons †¢ Negotiation continues on principle â€Å"Let me see If I understand what you’re saying† †¢ Principled negotiation requires good communication †¢ Other side more likely to listen and be more receptive â€Å"Let me get back to you† †¢ Good negotiator rarely makes important decisions on the spot †¢ Timeanddistancehelptoseparatepeoplefrom problem Goodnegotiatorscomestotablewithcredible reason for leaving †¢ Allowsdiscussionwithconstituents(Paul) †¢ Freshcommitmenttoprinciplednegotiation â€Å"Let me show you where I have trouble following some of your reasoning† †¢ Present reasons before offering proposal †¢ Proposal first will often lead to other side not listening to reasons – Considering counterproposals â€Å"One fair solution might be. † †¢ Proposal not as yours, but as fair option †¢ Proposal not as only solution, but one fair solution â€Å"If we agree.. If we disagree. † †¢ Try to make it easy for other side †¢ Trickiest part is to communicate the alternative Use of third party – Creates distance, thus, separation of people from problems †¢ Don’t always reveal BATNA â€Å"We’d be happy to see if we can leave when it’s most convenient for you† †¢ Incorporate other side’s interests †¢ Allows for other side to â€Å"save face† †¢ Other side feels good about agreement â€Å"It’s been a pleasure dealing with you† †¢ End on a good note †¢ Reestablishes principle of separation of people from problem †¢ Relationship maintained Summary †¢ You can get the other side to play principled negotiation, even if they don’t want to at first †¢ Principled negotiation, negotiation jujitsu, or a third party all work How to cite Negotiation Jujitsu, Papers

Why We Should Keep The Electoral College Essay Example For Students

Why We Should Keep The Electoral College Essay The Electoral CollegeTodayWhy is it that in the United States the words politics and politician has associations that are uncharacteristically negative for our countrys leaders? Today, Americas politicians have turned into greedy executives. The mix of politics and business is driving our country away from the principles that our founding fathers set fourth. Why is our forty-third president in office when the majority of Americans voted for a different candidate? An election that gives the people the choice without regard to state lines of a president by a majority would cure some of the current problems of the Electoral College. We have a president that bullied his way into office and now many Americans question the government. Where did the Electoral College go wrong?The popularity vote seems to not play any factor in our presidential election. A major conflict concerning the Electoral College lingers in America. The Constitutional Convention created the Electoral College in 1789 i n hopes that it would be an adequate system (MacBride 29). The Electoral College consists of senators and representatives who cast their votes for the state they represent. Those who feel that the college should remain as it is believe that the American people are too uninformed about election issues to vote. The argument for the modification of the college maintains that the people are not actually electing the president, but the larger states are. Ultimately, the majority of the United States citizens support the elimination of an Electoral College that serves no purpose in the government. The argument in favor of the continuation of the Electoral College holds that it represents an effective institution. First, the format of the college demonstrates its validity. The amount of electoral votes awarded to each state, extremely critical in elections, remains decided by the number of senators and representatives in Congress (Polsby 45). Many politicians find the existing system extre mely efficient because they feel the electors represent their constituents (Best 52). In addition, the Electoral Colleges ability to efficiently serve its purpose provides a reason for its long existence. An electoral system should produce a definite, accepted winner and avoid prolonged contests and disputes that create uncertainty and public turmoil (Best 210). Moreover, never in the history of the Electoral College has a controversy developed in which the college rejected an individual who had an undisputed majority of the popular vote (Best 52). Most importantly, those who agree with preserving the Electoral College believe that election by popular vote, the alternative to the college, would create numerous deficiencies in the system. Election by direct popular vote would be hazardous to the nations health, said a concerned citizen (Weisberger 24). Liable to deceptions of the truth and too uniformed of the candidates, the people, voting directly, pose a threat to the system of el ecting presidents (Weisberger 24). Many people feel that the popular election of presidents would work a diminution of the political power of racial and other minority groups in the nations urban centers (Bickel 13). On the other hand, the position in favor of ridding the nation of the Electoral College argues that the college serves no purpose. First of all, the present format of the Electoral College manifests the colleges insufficient qualities. The current format of the college, giving the edge to the larger states, exhibits the inadequacies of it (Polsby 32). The electoral college system, it is claimed, does not guarantee that the candidate with the most popular votes will win, produces great inequalities in voting power among the national electorate, contains a contingency election provision that is not only unrepresentative but that could also result in an impasse or in political duels, permits the will of the majority voters in a state or even in the nation to be thwarted th rough the constitutional independence of the electors, and permits the electoral decision to turn on fraud or chance in key states (Best 22). A study conducted by John F. Banzhaf, III revealed states like New York and California have over two and one half times as much chance to effect the election of the president as residents of the smaller states (Bickel 6). Furthermore, causing confusion amongst the political system, the Electoral College raised a question mark in Congress. Passed by more than the mandatory two-thirds vote in 1969, the House called for a constitutional amendment to change the election of presidents and vice-presidents is by nation a wide popular vote rather than the Electoral College (Bickel 10). However, the amendment failed to result in a vote on the Senate floor (Bickel 11). Contrary to claims that the college represents the peoples voice, the colleges popularity decreased dramatically nation wide. First of all, the citizens feel that they reserve the right t o directly elect their commander in chief. Election by popular vote is much more accurate of an election than the Electoral College (MacBride 19). Decreasing the amount of problems brought on by the college, elections by popular vote allows the United States citizens to truly and fairly elect the president of their choice (MacBride26). Most importantly, election by popular vote permits the citizens to take part in their government denied to them by the existence of the Electoral College. Numerous changes in the election system and the citizens view of it would take place as a result of the abolishment of the Electoral College. Bickel, in his book Reform and Continuity, claims if each states electoral vote were divided precisely or roughly in proportion to the popular vote cast for each candidate in each state, the representation would become quite real, and might have considerable effect (Bickel 5). In addition feeling good about themselves for taking part in the political system and making a difference, the citizens would gain more respect for the political system (MacBride 25). The Electoral College clearly stands as an insufficient system for electing the president. Election by popular vote, truly giving the people the choice, should be established in the electing of the president instead of the college. Moreover, the governments choosing that the bigger the states, the more electoral votes they receive is a grave mistake. It has been determined that the presidency is either won or lost in the large industrial states, where one or another group can make all of the difference (Bickel 50). Strangely enough, the presidential nominees tend to come from big states and tend to run on platforms likely to appeal to interest groups that cluster there (Polsby 46). The governments deciding to continue to utilize the Electoral College is a drastic mistake. Ultimately, the establishment of popular vote as a means for electing the president offers a new hope for consti tuents in a political system that often leaves them disillusioned. Apparently, the Electoral College is insufficient in every way. The United States has the technology to be one of the most efficient countries. Although if we can not a president thoroughly and correctly, our country we fail in every way possible. Our founding fathers set fourth a nation built on loyalty and freedom not insufficient tallying of votes. .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61 , .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61 .postImageUrl , .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61 , .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61:hover , .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61:visited , .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61:active { border:0!important; } .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61:active , .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61 .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucb6953bd809d6af4fdc6484bbcbd5b61:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Mark Twain Racist or Realist Essay Politics Essays